Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR): From Introduction to Abolition

When the British arrived at North-West Frontier, it adopted several special measures to crush resistance from Pashtun tribes and safeguard colonial interests. One of these was introduction FCR, which introduced increase conviction rate in criminal cases without requirements due process law. This paper tries present a detailed account FCR its abolition. It highlights circumstances led FCR. further explains how revised time expand scope make better serve imperial Its review by various commissions/committees higher judiciary observations about are also discussed this paper. is based on both primary sources like archival material personal interviews as well secondary sources.